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This Ruling sets out the Commissioner's opinion on the way in which the relevant provision(s) identified below apply to the defined class of entities, who take part in the scheme to which this Ruling relates.

The relevant provisions dealt with in this Ruling are: • section 6-5 of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 (ITAA 1997); • section 6-10 of the ITAA 1997; • section 8-1 of the ITAA 1997; and • Division 12 of Schedule 1 to the Taxation Administration Act 1953 (TAA). All legislative references in this Ruling are to the ITAA 1997 unless otherwise indicated.

The class of entities to which this Ruling applies are athletes who are not carrying on a business as a sportsperson and are in receipt of payments provided by the Australian Olympic Committee (AOC) under the Medal Incentive Funding (MIF) program.

The Commissioner makes this Ruling on the proposed scheme identified in the Ruling.

The class of entities defined in this Ruling may rely on its contents provided the scheme actually carried out is carried out in accordance with the scheme described in paragraphs 13 to 24 of this Ruling.

If the scheme actually carried out is materially different from the scheme that is described in this Ruling, then: • this Ruling has no binding effect on the Commissioner because the scheme entered into is not the scheme on which the Commissioner has ruled; and • this Ruling may be withdrawn or modified.

[Omitted.]

This Class Ruling applies from 1 July 2006 to 30 June 2014.

The Ruling does not apply to taxpayers to the extent that it conflicts with the terms of settlement of a dispute agreed to before the date of issue of the Ruling (see paragraphs 75 to 76 of Taxation Ruling TR 2006/10).

If this Ruling is inconsistent with a later public or private ruling, the relevant class of entities may rely on either ruling which applies to them (item 1 of subsection 357-75(1) of Schedule 1 to the TAA).

If this Ruling is inconsistent with an earlier private ruling, the private ruling is taken not to have been made if, when the Ruling is made, the following two conditions are met: • the income year or other period to which the rulings relate has not begun; and • the scheme to which the rulings relate has not begun to be carried out.

If the above two conditions do not apply, the relevant class of entities may rely on either ruling which applies to them (item 3 of subsection 357-75(1) of Schedule 1 to the TAA).

The scheme described includes specific details about MIF payments for the 2008 Olympic Games and 2010 Olympic Winter Games. MIF payments for the 2012 Olympic Games and the 2014 Olympic Winter Games are made under similar Guidelines.

The following athletes are considered for MIF payments under the AOC's Programs and Funding Guidelines. Programs and Funding Guidelines for Sports on the Program for the 2008 Olympic Games in Beijing • athletes who won medals at the 2004 Olympic Games; and • athletes who win medals in 2005, 2006 and 2007 calendar years (including 4th placegetters in 2006 and 2007) at World Championships, or other major international events of a comparable standard, in events that are on the 2008 Olympic program (agreed in advance by the AOC as appropriate 'Benchmark Events'). Programs and Funding Guidelines for Sports on the Program for the 2010 Olympic Winter Games in Vancouver • athletes who won medals at the 2006 Olympic Winter Games; and • athletes who win medals in the periods from 1 April 2006 to 31 March 2007, 1 April 2007 to 31 March 2008, or 1 April 2008 to 31 March 2009, (including 4th placegetters in the periods 1 April 2007 to 31 March 2008, or 1 April 2008 to 31 March 2009) at World Championships, or other major international events of a comparable standard, in events that are on the 2010 Olympic Winter Games program (agreed in advance by the AOC as appropriate 'Benchmark Events').

MIF payments are made in the year immediately following the year in which the medal is won. The payments are in the following amounts. 2008 Australian Olympic Team preparation Year of Payment ended 31 December Gold Silver Bronze 4th 2005 $10,000 $7,500 $5,000 2006 $10,000 $7,500 $5,000 2007 $15,000 $10,000 $7,500 $5,000 2008 $15,000 $10,000 $7,500 $5,000 2010 Australian Olympic Winter Team preparation Year of Payment ended 31 March Gold Silver Bronze 4th 2007 $15,000 $10,000 $7,500 2008 $15,000 $10,000 $7,500 2009 $15,000 $10,000 $7,500 $5,000 2010 $15,000 $10,000 $7,500 $5,000

The purpose of the MIF payments is to help athletes gain selection to represent Australia at the 2008 Olympic Games in Beijing or 2010 Olympic Winter Games in Vancouver and win medals.

In order for the athletes to be considered for MIF payments, they must maintain appropriate training regimes with the intention of gaining national or Olympic selection in the year subsequent to winning a medal (or being a 4th placegetter). It is not necessary that the event for which they are training be the same as that in which the medal was won, provided it is in the same sport/discipline and on the program of the 2008 Olympic Games or 2010 Winter Olympic Games.

Athletes who won medals at the 2004 Olympic Games may be excused from maintaining an appropriate training regime and will carry their eligibility to be considered for MIF payments to 2006 or 2007, provided they actually gain and accept national selection in one of those years. A 2004 Olympic Games medallist may choose to take time out from appropriate training and defer payment until a subsequent year, provided they resume appropriate training and obtain national selection in that year. A similar arrangement applies to athletes who won medals at the 2006 Winter Olympic Games.

Athletes who win more than one medal in any year (including 4th placegetters where applicable) are considered for MIF payments in respect of their best result only. Multi-medal winners/4th placegetters do not receive multi-funding.

Members of medallist teams and other combinations (including 4th placegetters where applicable) are considered for the same MIF payments as individuals.

MIF is determined by the AOC at its sole and absolute discretion.

MIF is provided by one payment as soon as practicable after the commencement of the calendar year following the winning of a medal (or achieving a 4th place), or in the case of athletes who carry forward their consideration for MIF payments in respect of their 2004 Olympic Games or 2006 Winter Olympic Games result, when they actually gain and accept national selection in later years.

Athletes are not required to enter into any agreement. AOC Guidelines define the terms under which the AOC will consider an athlete's eligibility for funding. The AOC's standard letter to an athlete deemed eligible for MIF includes the following statements: The Medal Incentive Funding is one of a number of support Programs that is fully funded by the AOC...to assist athletes ... in their preparation for the Olympic Games. As a recipient of Medal Incentive Funding, you have no duty or obligation to provide or supply any services to the AOC nor does the AOC regard this funding to you as a reward for service.

Athletes are bound by the AOC Anti-Doping By-Law. If an athlete commits an anti-doping violation, doping offence or breach of the By-Law the athlete may be required to repay any monies paid under the AOC funding programs.

Athletes do not generally receive more than one MIF payment a year unless they are an Olympic medallist and have deferred payment in respect of that year and win another medal in a later year.

MIF payments provided by the AOC are not assessable income for the purposes of sections 6-5 or 6-10.

MIF payments provided by the AOC are not regarded as withholding payments under Division 12 of Schedule 1 to the TAA.

A payment or other benefit received by a taxpayer is included in assessable income if it is: • income in the ordinary sense of the word (ordinary income); or • an amount or benefit that through the operation of the provisions of the tax law is included in assessable income (statutory income).

Subsection 6-5(1) provides that an amount is included in your assessable income if it is income according to ordinary concepts.

In determining whether an amount is ordinary income the courts have established the following principles: • what receipts ought to be treated as income must be determined by the ordinary concepts and usages of mankind except in so far as statute dictates otherwise; [1] • whether the payment received is income depends upon a close examination of all relevant circumstances; [2] and • whether the payment received is income is an objective test. [3]

Relevant factors in determining whether an amount is ordinary income include: • whether the payment is the product of any employment, services rendered or any business; [4] • the quality or character of the payment in the hands of the recipient; [5] • the form of the receipt, whether it is received periodically or as a lump sum; [6] and • the motive of the person making the payment. Motive however, is rarely decisive a mixture of motives may exist. [7]

When considering the first and last factors in paragraph 30 of this Ruling it is appropriate to look at the nature of the relationship between the athletes in receipt of the MIF payments and the AOC which makes the payments.

The AOC is responsible for the representation of Australia at the Olympic Games, including the Winter Olympic Games, and has certain objectives in relation to the 2008 Olympic Games and 2010 Winter Olympic Games. To this end, the AOC provides, amongst other things, direct funding to athletes (and coaches) under the MIF program.

Athletes in receipt of the MIF payments are required to maintain appropriate training regimes with the intention of gaining national or Olympic selection in the year subsequent to winning a medal or being a 4th placegetter. They are not required to enter into any agreement, however are bound by the AOC Anti Doping By-Law. The Commissioner does not consider that these factors are sufficient to amount to an employer/employee relationship between the AOC and the athlete.

As the relationship is not one of employer/employee and there is no legal obligation on the part of the AOC to make MIF payments to specific athletes the nature of the voluntary payments needs to be considered. Paragraph 48 of Taxation Ruling TR 1999/17 states: Although there are no fixed criteria, the decisions of the courts show that voluntary payments, such as under a grant, made to a sportsperson are income where they are: (i) made under an agreement or arrangement to provide financial support in the form of periodical, regular or recurrent payments; (ii) received in circumstances where the sportsperson has an expectation of receiving the payment as part of periodical, regular or recurrent payments, and the sportsperson is able to rely on the payment for his or her regular expenditure; or (iii) part of periodic, regular or recurrent payments made in substitution of income. The quality or character of such voluntary payments, in the hands of the sportsperson, is assessable income.

Although athletes in receipt of MIF payments must meet some criteria (such as appropriate training regimes), there is no agreement of any type between the AOC and athletes.

MIF payments are normally a one-off payment based on an athlete's best result for the year. Athletes who win more than one medal (including 4th placegetters) in the same year do not receive additional or recurrent payments.

The standard letter issued by the AOC to athletes advising they are eligible to receive an MIF payment states that the purpose of the payment is to assist in their preparation for the Olympic Games. The amount of a one-off payment is set in the AOC's guidelines. MIF payments are not regular, periodic or expected. An athlete cannot rely on the receipt of an MIF payment. These factors lead to the conclusion that the MIF payments are not income according to ordinary concepts.

As the MIF payments are not considered to be ordinary income, it is necessary to consider whether the payments could also be statutory income under section 6-10.

Section 6-10 includes in assessable income amounts that are not ordinary income; these amounts are statutory income. A list of the statutory income provisions can be found in section 10-5. That list includes a reference to section 15-2.

Subsection 15-2(1), provides that assessable income includes: ... the value to you of all allowances, gratuities, compensation, benefits, bonuses and premiums provided to you in respect of, or for or in relation directly or indirectly to, any employment of or services rendered by you ...

Prior to 14 September 2006, the former paragraph 26(e) of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1936 applied to the athletes in the same manner as subsection 15-2(1) of the ITAA 1997.

The main issue to consider with respect to subsection 15-2(1) is whether the MIF payment is '... provided to you in respect of ... any employment of or services rendered ...'. Whilst the athletes are not considered 'employees', subsection 15-2(1) also includes in assessable income those allowances etc. which are paid in respect of 'services rendered'.

There is no agreement between any parties that requires athletes to provide or supply services to the AOC. Athletes are required to meet certain criteria in order to qualify for the payments however, these conditions do not amount to the rendering of services to the AOC. As such, the MIF payments are not assessable under section 15-2 because the athletes are not considered to be employees, nor are they 'rendering services'.

Taxpayers are entitled to deduct from their assessable income any loss or outgoing to the extent it was incurred in gaining or producing their assessable income under section 8-1.

Expenses incurred in pursing sports are not allowable as a deduction against the MIF payments as these expenses do not relate to the payments received.

The relationship between the AOC and the athletes in receipt of the MIF payments is not one of employer and employee. Furthermore, the relationship between the athletes and the AOC is not one of the provision of services. Accordingly the payments are not regarded as withholding payments under Division 12 of Schedule 1 to the TAA. The AOC will not be required to withhold amounts from these payments nor will they have any other associated PAYG withholding obligations - for example, obtaining Tax File Number declarations, payment summaries and annual reporting.

The following is a detailed contents list for this Ruling: Paragraph What this Ruling is about 1 Relevant provision(s) 2 Class of entities 3 Qualifications 4 Date of effect 8 Scheme 12A Ruling 25 Appendix 1 - Explanation 27 Ordinary income 28 Voluntary payments that are considered to be income 34 Statutory income 38 General deductions 44 Pay as You Go Withholding 46 Appendix 2 - Detailed contents list 47